![]() ![]() It is also estimated that 17,100 people will die from the disease in 2022. Overall, 81,180 people are expected to be newly diagnosed with BC in 2022, of which 61,700 being male and 19,480 being female. It is estimated that 6% of all new cancer diagnoses in men in the year 2022 will be BC. The incidence rate of the disease is four times higher in men than in women and approximately twice as high in White men compared to Black men. The use of these biomarkers for initial triage could have a significant impact as the current cystoscopy-based diagnostic and surveillance approach is costly and invasive when compared to a simple urine test.īladder cancer (BC) is the fourth most common cancer diagnosed in men in the USA. On the other hand, urine IL-8 and IgA may have the potential in identifying disease progression during patient follow-up. Given the high sensitivity (97%) of urine d-dimer for BC, it may have a role in the initial diagnosis or detection of cancer recurrence. Urine IgA and fibronectin exhibited the highest specificity of 80% at fixed sensitivity for identifying advanced BC. ![]() Furthermore, 8 urine proteins significantly discriminated MIBC from NMIBC (AUC = 0.75–0.99), with IL-8 and IgA being the best performers. Of 21 urine proteins that discriminated BC from urology clinic controls (UC), urine d-dimer displayed the highest accuracy (0.96) and sensitivity of 97%. STEM analysis of the dysregulated pathways implicated a functional role for the immune system, complement, and interleukins in BC disease progression. Systems biology analysis implicated molecular functions related to the extracellular matrix, collagen, integrin, heparin, and transmembrane tyrosine kinase signaling in BC susceptibility, with HNF4A and NFKB1 emerging as key molecular regulators. Three of these proteins were next validated in an independent BC cohort of differing ethnicity. Next, 30 urine proteins were ELISA-validated in an independent cohort of 68 subjects. The top hits were subjected to systems biology analyses. MethodsĪn aptamer-based screen analyzed the expression of 1317 proteins in BC compared to urology clinic controls. The current gold standards for the diagnosis of BC are invasive or lack the sensitivity to correctly identify the disease. Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most common cancers diagnosed in men in the USA. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |